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6. LITURGY (1)

6.1. LITURGY OF THE EARLY CHURCH

See also MS 193, Easter liturgy, Egypt, 3rd c.
MS 245/ 07 Unidentified early liturgy, Egypt, 7th c.
See also MS 096, Antiphonal, France, late 9th c.

6.2. ROMAN CATHOLIC LITURGY

MS 673 Missal, Essex, 1405-10
MS 195 Missal, Germany, ca. 1485
See also 1372, Missal, Tyrol, 2nd half 15th c.
MS 004 Gradual, Spain, mid 16th c.
MS 009 Breviary, Germany, 14th c.
MS 039 Breviary of Bridgettine use, Belgium, 15th c.
See also MS 049, Breviary, Melk, Austria, ca. 1476
See also MS 1392, Breviary, Sweden, ca. 1400-1460
MS 198 Antiphonal, Germany, 1430
MS 2204 Sacramentary, Montecassino, Italy, early 12th c.
MS 1674 Pontifical, Nonantola, Italy, 1719
See also MS 1670, Tonary, Germany ca. 1150
See also MS 1281, Cantorinus, Norway, 15th c.

6. Liturgy

This collection starts with Christianity's earliest liturgical MS of 3rd c., (MS 193) and comprises a great variety of liturgical texts of the Roman Catholic church, Greek, Russian and Syrian Orthodox churches. It shares many MSS with the music collection. 18 examples out of 226 MSS are listed

6.1 Liturgy of the Early Church

MS 245/07
ms 245/07
CHRISTIAN LITERARY TEXT, WITH THE NAME OF CHRIST, FOR LITURGICAL PURPOSE

 

MS in Sahidic on limestone, Egypt, 7th c., 1 limestone, 22x17 cm, single column, 40 lines in a sloping Coptic uncial.

Context 1. The collection of the renowned papyrologist Prof. Atiyah consisted of more than 677 papyri, mainly originating in Middle Egypt, including Oxyrhynchus and Fayum. The first part of 140 papyri (H.P. Kraus cat. 105(1961)), is now in Yale, Beinecke Library, while 242 Greek papyri is MS 244 and 295 Coptic papyri is MS 245 in The Schøyen Collection, see also MS 108.

Provenance: 1. Aziz Suryal Atiyah, Utah (- ca. 1960); 2. H.P. Kraus Cat.126(1971):107.

Commentary: A rare and unusually long liturgical text on a rough slab of limestone, that will require more research.

See MS 096, Antiphonal, France, late 9th c.
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6.2 Roman Catholic Liturgy

MS 673
ms 673
THE SOUTH WEALD MISSAL
  1. MISSAL, USE OF SARUM
  2. LIST OF FESTIVAL DAYS

MS in Latin and Middle English (text 2) on vellum, South Weald, Essex, 1405-10, 248 ff. (-16), 41x29 cm, 2 columns, (29x20 cm) 36 lines in a Gothic liturgical book script, music of square notation on a 4-line red staff, red or blue initials with fleurissons, 15 large illuminated initials with bar borders and foliate sprays, 1 large illuminated initial with full border in the style of the workshop of Herman Scheere.

Published: Text 2. The Index of Middle English Prose. Handlist X. Irma Taavitsainen: Manuscripts in Scandinavian Collections. Cambridge, Brewer, 1994, p. 30.

Binding: South Weald, Essex, England, ca. 1410, goatskin over stout oak boards, sewn on 7 double thongs, with goatskin chemise, now trimmed and folded over inside boards, with text 2 as pastedown.

Provenance: 1. Church of St. Peter, South Weald, Essex (from ca. 1410); 2. Henry Lymbur (16th c.); 3. H.C. Pratt, Brentwood, Essex (1990); 4. Sam Fogg Rare Books Ltd., London.

Commentary: Chemise bindings are rare. For another chemise binding, see MS 692.

Published: Text 2. The Index of Middle English Prose. Handlist X. Irma Taavitsainen: Manuscripts in Scandinavian Collections. Cambridge, Brewer, 1994, p. 30.
ms 673
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MS 195  
MISSAL, WITH ADDITIONAL OFFICES FOR ST. ANNE, CONTRA PESTEM HOMINUM AND DE CONCEPTIONE SIXTUS PAPA
MS in Latin on paper, Augsburg?, Southern Germany, ca. 1485, 209 ff. (complete), 31x20 cm, single column, (24x14 cm), 16 and 32-34 lines in a Gothic bastarda book script, musical Hufnagel notation on a red 5-line staff, numerous painted initials, some line endings of red penwork, 48 painted initials with border decoration, 5 with historiated borders, 1 inserted full-page miniature on vellum of the Crucifixion in gold and colours, in the Rhenish art style of this period.

Binding: Germany, 1549, dark brown leather, over wooden boards, sewn of 5 bands, 15 stamps of roundels with renaissance busts and a large central panel gilt with 3 standing musicians on upper cover, 15 similar roundels and stamps of standing Renaissance warriors on lower cover, 9 brass bosses. Inscription gilt on upper cover: " Missale renovatum Anno Domini MDXLIX".

Provenance: 1. J.W. Abberg (1669); 2. Bruce Ferrini, Akron, Ohio.

See also 1372, Missal, Tyrol, 2nd half 15th c.
MS 195 MS 195
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MS 004

MS 004
GRADUAL: TEMPORAL, PART 3 OF 3, COMPRISING TRINITY SUNDAY TO 23RD SUNDAY AFTER TRINITY AND WEDNESDAYS, THURSDAYS AND SATURDAYS THROUGHOUT THE YEAR
MS in Latin on vellum, Spain, mid 16th c., 162 ff. (complete), 57x40 cm, single column, (41x26 cm), 5 lines in a rounded late Gothic liturgical book script, square notation on a 5-line red staff, 135 large decorated initials in red with penwork infill in purple, 2 very large 20x16 cm, decorated initials with extremely elaborate penwork.

Binding: Spain, ca. 1550, rolltooled calf over massive pine boards sewn on 6 double thongs, 10 brass bosses, pastedowns of 4 bifolia of vellum from a Spanish 16th c. MS Gradual.

Provenance: 1. Abelardo Linares, Madrid (1954); 2. Otto Sverdrup Engelschiøn, Oslo (ca. 1960); 3. Damms Antikvariat, Oslo.

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MS 009  
BREVIARY OF FRANCISCAN USE: THE SUMMER PORTION OF THE TEMPORAL, SANCTORAL AND COMMON, WITH AN ADDED OFFICE FOR ST. LOUIS OF TOULOUSE
MS in Latin and German on vellum, Germany, 14th c., 418 ff. (- ca. 18), 31x22 cm, 2 columns, (22x16 cm), 24 lines in a large rotunda Gothic book script of medium quality, decorated initials throughout and 30 large decorated initials with penwork in red and blue.

Binding: Germany, 14th c., red leather over wooden boards, sewn on 5 double bands, blindstamped and decorated with a ruled armorial shield, signed by the binder: Avilla, 10 brass bosses.

Provenance: 1. Otto F. Ege, Cleveland, Ohio (-1951); 2. Sotheby´s 11.12.1984:53; 3. Alan G. Thomas, London, Cat. 48(1986):1.

MS 009MS 009
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MS 039  
  1. BIBLE: PSALMS IN FERIAL ORDER WITH CALENDAR, CANTICLES AND LITANY
  2. OFFICE OF THE DEAD OF BRIDGETTINE USE
  3. HOURS OF THE HOLY GHOST OF BRIDGETTINE USE
  4. BREVIARY OF BRIDGETTINE USE: WEEKDAY OFFICES INCLUDING THE HYMNS OF PETER OLAVSSON AND A MEMORIAL TO ST. BRIDGET
  5. CHRISTINA DE ROOS: PROFESSION OF FAITH (A BRIDGETTINE NUN PROMISING OBEDIENCE, VOLUNTARY POVERTY AND FAITHFUL SUBMISSION TO GOD)

MS in Latin on vellum, Brabant, Belgium, 15th c., Text 5: 16th c., 285 ff. (complete), 18x13 cm, single column, (11x18 cm), 18 lines in a regular Gothic book script of high grade and quality, 18 large and very large decorated initials with 3/4 borders, and 2 near full-page initials with full borders in elaborate penwork in colours, one including a sacred heart on the Cross.

Binding: Netherlands, 15th c. blind-stamped tanned calf over wooden boards, sewn on 5 double cords, 16th c. rebacking of blindtooled leather, edges of rebacking leather held on boards by brass strips.

ms 039

Provenance: 1. Bridgettine Abbey of Marienwater, Brabant, Belgium (from 15th c.); 2. Christina de Roos, Bridgettine nun, (16th c.); 3. Sotheby's 1.12.1987:38.

See also MS 049, Breviary, Melk, Austria, ca. 1476

See also MS 1392, Breviary, Sweden, ca. 1400-1460

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MS 198
  1. ANTIPHONAL: TEMPORAL AND SANCTORAL, FOR DOMINICAN USE
  2. GUIDE TO ECCLESIASTICAL CHANT, "CANTUS ECCLESIASTICUS", PERFORMANCE AND USE
 ms 198
MS in Latin on vellum, Germany, 1430, 2 vols., 266 + 257 ff. (complete), 32x25 cm + 33x24 cm, single column, 10 lines of text and music, in a formal Gothic book script of high grade, in square notation on a 4-line red staff with C- and F-clefs indicated, calligraphic initials throughout in red, blue or black, touched in red with often grotesque pen decoration, 18 large initials, mostly in blue on geometrically patterned red ground, 4 very large initials with elaborate decoration of birds with animal heads, animals or flowers, with full margin pen flourishes.

Binding: Germany, ca. 1430, pigskin over heavy wooden red-painted boards , sewn of 5 thongs, brass centre and cornerpieces with bosses, leather clasps with brass catches. Original linen page markers on wooden holder, metal or vellum thumb tags.

Provenance:1. Lucy, Helen and William Pease (until 1988); 2. Christie's 7.12.1988:28.

Commentary: Contemporary accounts of how to perform medieval music are rare, and important for our understanding of how we shall perform it today. See MS 034. Dated account noted by the scribe on f. 1 in both volumes, including prices of production.

Published: Bookmarkers: Lois Swales and Heather Blatt: Tiny Textiles Hidden in Books: Toward a Categorization of Multiple-Strand Bookmarkers. In: Medieval Clothing and Textiles, vol 3. Boydell and Brewer, 2007, pp. 145-177.
ms 198
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MS 2204
SACRAMENTARY: OFFERTORIUM, FOLLOWED BY THE SECRETS AND COMMUNION CYCLE
MS in Latin on vellum, Bari, Italy, early 12th c., 12 ff., 23x15 cm, single column, (21x9 cm), 21 lines in Beneventan minuscule of the Bari type, Beneventan neumes on a ruled 1-line F-staff, small initials with yellow, red or blue wash, 106 3-line capitals, including 20 intertwined initials mostly with foliate decoration and zoomorphic finials filled with yellow, blue, red and green wash.

Binding: Italy, 20th c., vellum, sewn on 4 cords.

Provenance: 1. Benedictine Abbey of Montecassino (12th c.-); 2. Christie's 26.6.1996:12.

Commentary: This is the only Beneventan Bari-type Sacramentary known.

ms 2204
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MS 1674
PONTIFICAL AND FEASTS OF THE SAINTS, USE OF NONANTOLA
MSin Latin on vellum, Nonantola, Italy, 1719, 44 ff. (complete), 34x23 cm, single column, (27x17 cm), 17 lines in a formal rounded Roman book script imitating printed type, music on a 4-line red staff with square notation filled with a variety of geometric designs, 2- to 3-line decorated capitals with geometric designs, 25 large calligraphic initials, 4- to 6-line, in alternating red and black, often with floral and foliate designs and flourishes, elaborate decorated title page illustrating the Abbey of Nonantola with Emblems and devices of the patron (Chigi), explicit page with his monogram.

Binding: Abbey of Nonantola, Italy, 1719, red morocco gilt with the arms of Chigi (=Cardinal Ciampelli?, Firenze), sewn on 6 bands.

ms 1674

Provenance: 1. Benedictine (Cistercian from 1514) Abbey of St. Sylvester, Nonantola (1719-1768); 2. Baynerius Mancini, Italy; 3. Sam Fogg cat. 15(1992):69.

Commentary: The presentation copy of Chigi (Cardinal Ciampelli), Firenze. The Abbey of Nonantola was one of the most important scriptoria in Italy in the Middle Ages. By the end of the 15th c. it possessed a library of 6000 codices. In 1768 it was suppressed by Pope Clement XIII, re-established by Pope Pius VII in 1821, and appropriated by the Italian government in 1866.

See also MS 1670 Tonary, Germany ca. 1150

See also MS 1281, Cantorinus, Norway, 15th c.
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